Two-way plow



Oct. 2, 1945. y o. w. OERMAN TWO-WAY PLOW Filed July 25, 1941 9 Sheets-Sheet 3 gbwmw v1 am Na INVENTOR v OREY W. OERMAN Oct, 2, 1945. o. w. OERMAN TWO-WAY PLOW Filed July 25, 1941 9 Sheets-Sheef 4 1945. I o. w. OERMAN TWO-WAY PLOW v Filed qul 25, 1941 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 N A MM m m vW mY R O o. w. RMAN TWO-WAY 'PLOW 9 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed July 25, 1941 Oct. 2, 1945. o, w,.0 I 2,385,935

TWO-WAY PLOW Filed July 25, 1941 9 Sheets- -Sheet 7 Oct. 2, 1945 I O w OERMAN I 7 2,385,935

TWO-WAY PLOW Filed July 25; 1941- 9 Sheets-Sheet 8 5 vMWImam/1111m U Ilium?! Oct. 2, 1945. I o. w. OERMAN 2,335,935

TWO-WAY PLOW Filed July 25, 1941 9 Sheets- Sheet 9 INVENTOR P atented Oct. 2, 1945 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE TWO-WAY PLOW Orey W. Oe'rman, Molina, Ill., assignor to Deere nois & Company, Moline, 111., a corporation of Illi- Application July 25, 1941, Serial No. 404,018

'39 Claims.

The present invention relates generally to agri cultural implements and more particularly to two-way plows which are especially adapted for use where it is desired to throwall of the fur-- 'eling levers and other parts that have .to hemevided in plows in which one wheel operates in the furrow. Another feature of the present invention is the provision of a tvvo-way plow of this.

type which is relatively narrow and can be operated close to fences, ditches or the like, or backed into close quarters, permitting :lthe operator to utilize everyavailable bit of ground at the headlands. this invention to provide a two-bottom, two-way plow in which the land wheels are disposed in between the beams of each pair of bottoms, thus producing not only a narrow two-way plow but also one which is particularly adapted as a towed implement in which the wheels are normally spaced a considerable distance from the previous-:

ly opened furrow, whereby there is little likelihood of the Wheel tending to run along the bottom of the furrow instead of on the land;

Another important feature of the present invention is the provision of a single'lifting clutch mechanism deriving operating energy either from the tractor directly or from both of the land wheels whereby the operator has complete and easy control over both gangs. Another feature of this invention is the provision of a laterally swingable hitch which is controlled by the single lift clutch. Another feature of'this invention is the provision of a constant lift, providing adequate clearance between the ground and the gang in non-operating position, regardless of the depth at which the working gang is plowing. More specifically, it is a feature of this invention to provide a laterally swingable hitch which is moved from one positionto the other by the turning of the tractor or other propelling force and is controlled by latches which are automatically operated by the gang raising and lowering means. Further the hitch may be shifted when both gangs are in raised position by operating the lift clutch and turning the tractor to the right or left. Further, an additional feature of this inventio is the provision of depth adjusting means in- Specifically, it is a featurev ofeluding a crank that swings with the drawbar or hitch so that the crank is always within easy reach from the operators station on the tractor, yet is out of the way of the tractor wheels or treads when making short turns.

Another feature of this invention is'the provision of a two-way plow having a pair of right and left handlifting clutches operated directly from the tractor by a power take-off connection.

Another feature is the provision of mean associated with the right and left hand clutches for controlling the hitch latches.

Another-feature of the present invention is the provision of means for loading at least a portion of the weight of the idle gang onto the gan'gin operating position under condition where additional penetration may be necessary, as when operating in very hard ground; It is also a feature of this invention to provide means whereby the operating depth of one gang 'may be adjusted relative to the other and the provision of means for utilizing a single crank 'sc'rew for adjusting the operating depth of both plowing units.

.These and other objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art after a consideration of the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which the preferred forms of the invention have been illustrated.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a side view of a two-way plow constructed according to the principles of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a plan view of the plow shown in Figure l, certain parts of the lifting and latching mechanism being omitted;

Figure 3 is a fragmentary perspective view showing certain details of the latching and depth adjustin mechanism and associated parts;

Figure 4 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken approximately along the lines 44 of Figures 2 and 5;

Figure 5 is a fragmentary sectional view taken generally along the line 5-5 of Figure 4;

Figures 6 and 7 are fragmentary enlarged views of the lifting arm and holding latch, together with the associated depth adjusting means, associated with each right and left hand unit;

Figure 8 is a fragmentary side view of the vertically adjustable forward section of the laterally swingable hitch, the rear section of the latter being shown in Figure 2;

Figure 9 is a top or plan viewof the hitch section shown in Figure 8, illustrating the laterally swingable cushion unit at'the front end; 7

Figure 10 is an enlarged fragmentary view,

7 taken substantially along the line l-I0 of Fig- I ure 2, showing one of the latches for holding the laterally swingable hitch in one position;

Figure 11 is a fragmentary view, taken along the line II.II of- Figure 2, showing the rotary 'cam and associated parts for controlling the hitch latches;

Figure 12 is a plan view of the rotary cam of Figure 11; 7

' ed in its entirety by the reference numeral 60.

Figure 13 is a view taken substantially along 3 the line I3'I3 of Figure 12, showing the mechanism for progressively advancing the rotary cam of Figures 11 and 12; r 7 l Figures 14 and .15 show a modified form of the present invention, similar to Figure 3, in which a double lifting clutch mechanism is driven by a power shaft connection with the power take-off shaft of the tractor, Figure 15 being a partial sectional view, looking forwardly, taken generally along the line -20 of Figure 14;.

Figure 16 is a viewof the hitch latch. control-.

ling mechanism employed with the double lifting clutch unitshown in Figures 14 and 15;

Figure 1'7 is a side view of a form of thepresent invention in which a gang lock-down unit is provided. in the form of means acting between the gangs for loading at least a part of the weight of the raised gang onto the lowered gang s0 as'to increase the penetration of the latter; 7

Figure 18 is a plan View of the implement parts I shown inFigure 16; and

Figure 19 is a view of the gang lock-down parts 7 when both gangs are'raised.

- Referring now more particularly to Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the drawings, the frame of the implement is indicated in its entirety by the reference'numeral I, and as best shown in FigureZ, the frame I consists of generally longitudinally extending frame bars 2 and 3 connected together of each of the brackets 43 is disposed a sleeve 46, through which the beam pivot shaft extends. Each sleeve 46 carries a set screw 41 by which the shaft 45 may be fixed in position relative to the frame and held'against lateral displacement. The right'and left hand plowing units, referred to below, are pivotally connected with the beam pivot shaft .45 {for generally vertical swinging movement, As a part of the frame I, the latter is provided with a lifting frame section, indicat- The lifting frame 60 includes a pair of generally vertically disposed bars BI and 62 secured at their lower. ends by bolts 63 and 64 to the vertically extending lugs'25 described above as formed on or carried by theright and left hand journal member I I and I2. The upper ends of the vertical bars 6| and 62 aresecured, as by welding, to a cross member in the form of a shaft 65 that extends generally transversely of the implement,

- as best shown in Figure 3. Another set of bars 66 and Glare disposed, respectively, adjacent the upright bars 6! and 62 and at their lower ends are secured to the lugs 26 (Figure 2) formed on the journal members and I2. The upper ends of the bars 66 and 61 are bolted, as at 69, to brackets 10 that are welded to the'cross shaft 65 adjacent the upper ends of theupright bars SI at their forward ends by. a curved or arcuate sec- 7 tion' l, which if desired may be integral with the bars 2 and 3. The rear ends of the bars 2 and 3 are bolted, as at 'I and 8, to right and left hand journal castings II and I2.- Each of these members includes a sleeve section I3 in which a live axle 'I4'is mountedfor rotation. Right and left hand land wheels I! and I0 are secured in any suitable manner to the right and left ends, re-

spectively, of-the through axle I4; Each of the journal members I I and I2 also includes a pair of forwardly extending frame bar receiving lugs 2| and 22, and apair of generally vertically extending closely spaced lugs 25 and 26, the lugs 25be ing similar to the lugs2l and 22, all being aper-' tured to receive clamping bolts. The bolts I and 8 are passed through the openings in the lugs 2| so as to secure the rear ends of the frame bars 2, and 3 firmly to-the journal members I I and I2.

Similar bolts 3| pass through openings in the for-'- ward inner lugs 22 and serve to secure thereto the rear ends of a pair of right and left hand braces 33-and 34. These brace bars are generally of V formation having their intermediate portions secured, as by bolts 35, to a pivot block 36 and their-forward and laterally outwardly ;divergent ends 31 apertured to receive pairs of bolts 38 by which the ends 31 are secured to'the forward portions of the frame bars 2 and 3. The bolts 38 also secure a pair of downwardly extend ing brackets 43 to the frame bars 2 and 3, the brackets 43 being apertured to. receive a transversely disposed beam pivot shaft 4.5. lnwe cl y and 62. 'Companion brackets "I3 are welded'to the cross shaft 65 laterally outwardly of the brackets I0, and apair of brace bars 16 and 11 are bolted, as at I8,at their upper ends to the brackets I3 and extend generally downwardly and forwardly and are bolted,las at I9, to the frame bars-2'and 3. The brace bars I6 and TI provide for the desired fore and aft rigidity of the upright lifting frame 60; At the intermediate portion ofthe cross bar 65 a vertical brack-' et 8| is. fixed, as bywelding, and serves to support the intermediate portion of asecond cross bar 82, the ends of which are supported by a'pair of upwardly and rearwardly extending brackets 84 and 85,each having upper and lower sleeve sections 86 and-81 which receive, respectively, the

ends of the upperxcross shaft 82 and the lower cross shaft 65. The brackets 84 and 85 are securely fixed to the cross bar 65 by any suitable means, such as a pair of bolts 88 extending through the lower sleeves BI-and the ends of the bar '65; The cross bars 65 and 82 support the lifting and latching mechanism for the two plowing units, as will be described, below. A pair of set screws 89v areth'readed into tapped openings inthe upper sleeves and serve to fix the upper cross bar 82 in position.

Referring again to Figures 1 and 2, the two'- way plow inwhich the principles of the present invention have been incorporated includes a pair of right and left hand units, indicated, respec tively, by the reference numerals IOI and I02. Except for being constructed of right and left hand parts, respectively, the plowing units IM and I02 are substantially identical, and hence a description of one unit will sufiice. Each unit includes two plow beams I03 and I04, each beam. including a generally fore and. aft extendi g,

of each of the beam standards I01. The rear ends of the beam sections I and I06 are braced by a bar member H2 constructed, as shown in Figure 2, with laterally spaced sections II3, I I4 and H5 that are securely bolted to the rear ends of the beams. The front ends of the beams are also connected together by a brace member I I1 of similar formation, including laterally spaced portions H8, H9 and I20 bolted, as at I2I, I22 and I23 to the associated beams. The forward laterally spaced brace sections I I9 and I20 are disposed opposite one another in a lateral direction, and a pair of downwardly extending brackets I26 and I21, apertured at their lower ends, are secured to the beams in any suitable manner, as by being bolted between the brace sections H9 and I20 and the front ends of the associated beams I03 and I04. The beam pivot shaft 45 passes through the openings in the lower ends of both sets of brackets I26, I21, whereby the right and left hand plowing units IOI and I02 are connected with the frame I forgenerally vertical swinging movement and in draft transmitting relation. A set screw collar I28 is mounted on the end of the pivot shaft 45 just inside the bracket I26 and serves to prevent laterally inward displacement of the plowing unit. The sleeve 46 disposed on the pivot shaft 45 laterally inwardly of the associated bracket 43 is in engagement with the laterally inner plow beam bracket I21 and cooperates with the latter in preventing laterally outward displacement of the plowing unit.

The left hand plowing unit I02 is, as mentioned above, of substantially identical construction with the right hand unit IOI described above, except that certain parts are left hand instead of right hand, and hence the same reference numerals have been used to indicate corresponding parts in the left hand unit I02. It is important to note that the supporting wheels I1 and I8 for the frame I are disposed so that the wheels lie between each pair of beams I05 and I06. As best shown in Figure 2, the laterally inner beam I06 of each gang is disposed between the associated vertical bars, the beam section I06 of the right hand unit being disposed between the bars BI and 66 and the laterally inner beam for the left hand gang being disposed between the bars 62 and 61. As best shown in Figure 3, the pairs of bars 6|, 66 and 62, 61 thus serve as vertical guides cooperating with the beams I 06 of the right and left hand gangs, whereby both gangs are held rigidly to their lateral position so that they cannot interfere with each other but are constrained to generally vertical movement relative to the wheeled frame to which the gangs are pivoted by the pivot shaft 45.

According to the principles of the present invention, means is provided in the nature of a power lift for lifting either or both of the gangs into their raised or transport position, with separate latch means for holding either in a raised position while dropping the other into its oper ating position. Means is also provided for adjusting the depth of operation of either unit. The raising and lowering means, with associated parts, will now be described.

In the preferred form of the present invention, I provide a self-interrupting clutch mechanism, indicated in its entirety by the reference numeral I50, deriving power from the rotation of the land wheels I1 and I8. The self-interrupting clutch mechanism I50 includes a casing I5I made up of two parts I52 and I53 provided with inter- .members 204 making up the arm 203.

engaging flanges which are bolted together, as at I54. The casing I5I is extended, as at 15111, and. embraces the axle. shaft I4. The portion I5Ia of the clutch casing I5I is provided with bearing sleeve sections I55 and I55, as best shown in Figure 5. A sprocket I59 is securely fixed to the shaft I4, as by a key MI, and receives the lower end of a sprocket chain I52, the upper end of which is trained around a driven sprocket I 64 that serves as the driving member for the clutch mechanism proper, indicated in its entirety by the reference numeral I65. The presentinvention is not especially concerned with the particular details per se of the self-interrupting clutch mechanism I65. Preferably, the clutch I55 is constructed along the lines of the power lift clutch disclosed and claimed in the co-pending application of Carl G. Strandlund, Serial No. 340,925, filed June 17, 1940, to which reference may be had if necessary. Briefly, the clutch mechanism I65 comprises a scalloped driving member I68 that is rotatable at all times with the wheel axle I4 through the driven sprocket I64 and associated parts. The driven part of the clutch IE5 is represented by theshaft I69 and the crank .I1I ecured to the right end of the shaft I59.- The shaft carries a driven clutch part I13 which is in the form of a disk having a notch I14 therein and a strap member I15 pivoted to the disk at I11 and at the other end carrying a roller (not shown) thatin one position is adapted to engage in the scallops I68 and in another position out of engagement with the scallops I58. The strap member I15 and its roller is controlled by a rockable member IBI mounted for rotation about the axis of the driven shaft I69 and controlled by a trip arm I83 carried within the casing i5I on a rock shaft I84, the end of which eXtends laterally outwardly of the casing I5! and receives a control arm or trip lever I86. Spring means (not shown) normally biases the strap member I16 and its roller for movement into engagement with the scallops I68, thereby connecting the shaft I69 and the crank I1I with the axle shaft I4 to be driven by both land wheels I1 and I3 through the sprocket chain and the clutch mechanism I55. For controlling the clutch I50 I provide a rod I08 which is connected at its rear end to the upper end of the trip lever I86 and forwardly thereof is supported by a bracket I89 which is carried on a laterally shiftable hitch member, indicated in its entirety by the reference numeral I90 and which will be described in detail below. The bracket I comprises two interconnected members I9I and I92, the latter comprising the standard proper While the member ISI is a brace bolted, as at I93, to a bracket I 94 welded to one of the bars making up the hitch member I951. The upper end of the standard I92 is apertured to receive the trip rod I88. The crank I1I of thepower lift clutch I 50 carries a crank pin 20! which receives the lower end of a lifting link 2132. The link 202 extends upwardly from the pin 20I to an arm 203 mount ed for rocking movement on the upper cross shaft 82 (Figure 3) of the lifting frame 60. The arm 203 is made up of a pair of plates 204 which are apertured to receive a pivot bolt 206 by which the lnk 202 is connected to the arm 203. A transverse pin or bar 201 is fixed to the plate As best shown in Figure 3, the bar 201 is disposed so as to extend on opposite sides of the arm 203. The arm 203 is mounted for rocking movement on the cross shaft 82 adjacent the center bracketB'I left.hand gangs I! and I02.

supporting the intermediate portion of {the 'shaft82.

The upward movement of the arm 263 is made use of for raising either or both of theright and To this end, a sleeve 2!!! is mounted for rocking movement on the shaft 82 at each side of the center bracket 8!, each sleeve 2!!) being elongated and extend- Zl4when the associated gang is lowered, and

when the gang is raised, as by the upward and rearward movement of the arm 203 causing the bar 201 to engage the end 233 (Figure3) of the lifting arm 232, the upward swinging movement I of the lifting arm 2l2 exerts a forward thrust through the link 24! (Figure 6) against the coming substantially from the center bracket 3! laterally outwardly to the supporting bracket 84 or 85. For the left hand unit, the left. hand sleeve 2!!! is provided with a generally rearwardlyextending arm 2l2, the rear end of which is ap'ertured to receive a bolt 2!3 by which a yoke 2!4 is pivoted thereto. The yoke 2I4 comprises a generally U-shaped member, the lower ends 2 I 5 of which are pivotally connected to the beams H and 166 by brackets 2H and 2!8, each of which carries a bolt 2!!) to which the lower end 2!5 of the yoke 2l4 is pivoted. Abrace 22! ex- 1 tends from the outer portion of the arm 242 V laterally inwardly to generally the central portion of the left hand sleeve 2!!) and is welded to the latter or otherwise permanently secured V thereto, as desired. The brace 22! forms apart of the 'arm 2l2. A similar arm and bail con-' struction is providedcfor the right hand unit It! and therefore the same reference numerals have been used to indicate corresponding parts.

In order to lift either or both of the plow units and to determine the operating depth thereof,

a pair of arms 23! and 232 are fixed, respectively, to the laterally inner ends of the right and left hand sleeves 2"], preferably by welding. Each j of the arms 23! and 232 is extended downward- 1y to form asection. 233 that is disposed in the V path of movement of'the clutch actuated liftin bar 261. Therefore, whenever the'clutch'is 'actuated to swing the liftingarm 2 63 (Figure 1) in 1 arcounterclockwise.direction, rearwardly and upwardly, the bar 261 engageseither or both of the ends 233 of the arms 23! and 232, rocking either -01" both of the lifting sleeves 2! 0 and raising either or both of the lifting arms 2|2, thus raising either or both of the gangs. l6! and I62.

For-holding either or both of the gangs in their raised position, I provide a pair of overcenter latches, one for each unit. The overc enter' latches are substantially identical and hence a description of one will sufiice.

' The over-center latch for theleft-hand'unit is indicated in its entiretyb the reference numeral 240 and includes a curved link 24! pivoted by a bolt 242 to an upward extension 243 of the brace member 22L: The forward end of the curved link 24'! is aperturedto receive a bolt 245 by which a pair of links 246 and 241 are pivoted thereto. The two link members 246 and 241 are means, such as the bolt 249 and a secondbolt 256, and the member 255 is formed ,with an extension 258 which is tapped to receive a set screw 259. The latter is disposed in a position to be en gagedby the upper edge of the link member 241 when the left-hand gang is raised into its inoperative or transport position. Figure 6 illustfates the position of the arm 2! 2 and the bail lifting sleeves 2m.

panion toggle link 241, rocking thelatter in a clockwise direction (Figures 6 and 7) substantially until the pivots defined by the bolts 242, 249 and 245 are'in a straight line. A spring 26! is connected by an adjustable. eyebolt 262 to the V laterall turned end 263 of the link member 241.

The lower end of the spring 26! is anchored in an extension 264' of the casting member 255. Thus, whenever the gang is raised andthepivots 242,v 249 and 245 appro-acha straight line position, as is shown in Figure 7, the spring 26! anchored to the fixed casting 255 serves to bias the arm 25! and'the toggle link 246, 241 for clockwise movement (Figure 7) thus'raising the pivot 245 to a'point slightly above the line pass- 1 ing through the pivot points 242 and 249. This clockwise movement of the toggle links 246,1241

is limited by. the engagement of the link member 241 with the set screw 259. When the links 24! and 246', 241 pass into their over-center position, as determined by the adjustment of the set screw 253,'the associated arm 23! is held in its raised position, thus holding the associated gang in its raised position. The toggle ma be released, howevenmerely by a pull on the cable 252, which lowers the pivot 245 below the line joining the pivots 242 and 249, whereupon the weight of the gang swings the arm 22! downwardlyand "the arm 25! forwardly, into the position shown in,

Figure 6. a

The toggle 0r over-center latching means just described above for the left-hand gang is of substantially the same construction as the toggle latch mechanism for the right-hand gang, and hence the parts of the latter mechanism have been indicated by corresponding reference nu-- merals. In order to permit the spring 26! to swing the toggle 1inks 24!,1246 and 241 into their over-center position,'the forward ends of the links 246 and 241 are provided with slots 266 (Figure 7). K

The lowered position of the two gangs is determined by stop means associated with the lat-.

erally inner arms 23! and 232 that are fixed to the laterally inner ends of the right and left hand at 213,to the center bracket 8! and spaced apart at their upper and forward ends to receive a trunnion member 214 through which a depth adjusting screw 215 passes. At its forward end the screw 215 is connected to one yoke 216 of a universal joint 211. The universal joint 211 also includes a pivot block 219 which receives thelat erally turned end'28! of a depth adjusting rod 282. The latter extends forwardly and is supported by an opening below the upper end of the standard 192, the forward end of the rod 262 having a crank 283 thereon whereby the depth adjusting screw 21 5 may be rotated. The rear end of the screw 215 is threaded into a trunnion member 26!, the trunnions 292 and 293 of which are extended laterally and are disposed in apertures in the upper ends of a pair of arms 294 and 295. The lower'ends of these arms are apertured and offset laterally outwardly so as to permit them to clear the lifting arm straps 264 and For adjusting the lowered position of the gangs, I provide a bracket com. prising two spaced straps 21! and 212 bolted, as

to be rockably mounted on the central portion of the cross shaft 82. The members 294 and 295 a are secured together, as by a bolt 291, so as to act as a rigid arm member. Since the front end of the rod 283, as well as the rod I88, are carried by the swingable hitch I90, these parts are always conveniently accessible to the operator.

The extended trunnions 292 and 293 are disposed in the path of movementof the upper ends of the lifting arms 23I and 232, the trunnion ends being disposed re-arwardly of said arms so that, when either or both of the over-center latches 240 are released, the engagement of the upper ends of the arms 23I and 232 with the trunnion ends 292 and 293 serves as a stop limiting the downward movement of the gang carrying arms 2I2. Thus, the position of the depth adjusting arms 294, 295 determines the operating depth to which the plow bottoms are permitted to penetrate. To provide for adjusting the position of one arm relative to the other, I mount a wedge block 30I for sliding movement, as by a bolt 302, On the upper end of the arm 232, and by adjusting the position of the Wedge block 30I along the arm, the point of its contact with the associated stop member 293 relative to the point of contact of the other arm 23I with the other stop member 292 may be adjusted. By turning the crank 283, the trunnion member 29I may be moved farther forward or farther rearward, as desired, thus decreasing or increasing, respectively, the operating depth of the tools. It will be observed that this depth adjusting member is effective against which ever one of the operating units is in operating position; if the other is locked in its transport position, as shown in Figure 3; its depth adjusting arm, 23I in Figure 3, merely occupies a forward position awayfrom the associated trunnion or stop member 292. Thus, with a single depth adjusting member, I am enabled to control the operating depth of either of the right or left hand plowing units.

The laterally swingable hitch I90 comprises a rear section 3I0 which is made up of an upper bar 3I2 and a lower bar 3I3 apertured at their rear ends to receive a bolt 3I4 (Figures 1 and 2) by which the hitch I90 is pivotally connected with the block 36 for lateral swinging movement. The upper and lower bars 3 I 2 and 3 I 3 extend forwardly beyond the arcuate frame section 4, the latter being disposed between the upper'and lower bars, as best shown in Figure 8. The front portion of the lower bar 3I3 is bent downwardly, as at 3I6 (Figure 8), and is then extended upwardly where it is welded at 3I1 to the front end of the upper bar 3I2. The forwardmost portion of the lower bar 3I3 is bent forwardly, as at 3I9, to form a bracket which supports the lower end of the standard I92, the latter carrying the depth adjusting crank and the rod controlling the clutch trip lever. Rearwardly of the bracket I94 that supports the brace I91, a plate 32I is fixed to the upper and lower bars 3I2 and 3I3, and a pair of rollers 325 are mounted for rotation on bolts 326 connecting the bracket I 94 and the plate 32 I. The rollers 325 move along the curved frame bar section 4, as will be clear from Figure 2.

Forward of the bracket I94, the upper and lower hitch bars 3I2 and 3I3 are connected together by plates 33I, preferably Welded to the bars 3I2 and 3I3, and the plates 33 I are apertured to receive a bolt 332 by which a vertically shiftable hitch section 333 is connected with the front end of the laterally shiftable hitch section 3I0. The forward or vertically swingable hitch apart relation by a pair of upper and lower straps 338 and 339 which, as best shown in Figure 9, are welded, as at 340, to the front ends of the plates 335 and 336. A bolt 342 extends through open ings in the plates 335 and 336 under the bracket 3I9 and receives the eye of a vertically disposed adjusting bolt 343. Th upper threaded end of the latter extends through openings in the bracket 3 I 9 and in the lower end of the standard I92, and

a pair of lock nuts 345 on the bolt 343 serves to fix the latter, and the vertically swingable hitch section 333, in adjusted position. Loosening one of the nuts 345 and tightening the other, raises or lowers the front end of the hitch section 333 to correspond to the depth adjustment.

The forward ends of the straps 338 and 339 are apertured to receive a pivot bolt 348 by which a spring cushion release hitch unit 350 is connected thereto. The present invention is not particularly concerned with the details of the hitch unit 350, the same being substantially like that shown in the United States Patent No. 2,271,748, issued February 3, 1942, to Carl G. Strandlund, to which reference may be had if necessary. Briefly, the spring cushion release unit 350 includes a frame made up of the upper and lower straps 338 and 339 and an abutment member 35! which is apertured longitudinally to receive a slidable U -shaped draft bolt 352. The latter includes end portions 353 and a bight portion 354. Cushion springs 355 are disposed about the portions 353 of the draft bolt 352 and are compressed between the rear end of the abutment member 35I and an abutment plate 358 which is held in position on the draft bolt 352 by a pair of adjusting nuts 359. A rotatable coupling member 363 is mounted on the bight portion 354 of the draft bolt 352. The coupling member 363 is preferably in the form of a generally circular casting having a plurality of open ended draft jaws or hook portions 364, each of which is adapted to receive a clevis member 365, the latter receiving power from the tractor which propels the plow. A vertically slidable link 36'! is carried by the abutment member 35I for nor mally holding the clevis 365 in position engaged in one or the other of the draft hook portions 364. The rotatable draft coupling member 363 is also provided with an abutment shoulder 368, one for each draft hook 364, and the function of the shoulder 368 isto prevent the coupling member 363 from rotating unless the draft pull increases to'an abnormal degree, compressing the springs 355 to a point where the shoulder 368 becomes disengaged from the abutment member 35I, thus permitting the coupling member to rotate and free the clevis member 365 from connection therewith. The springs 355 cushion the application of draft power by yielding, the shoulder 368 sliding in and out relative to the abutment member 35I but not becoming disengaged therefrom until the load reaches an abnormal degree. The point of release may be adjusted by tightening or loosening the adjusting nuts 359.

Figure 2 shows one operating position of the hitch I90, in which the hitch is disposed at an angle to the general longitudinal aXis of the machine, this being for the purpose of disposing the forward end of the hitch substantially in longicooperating with tudinal alignment with' the plowing unit that is in operating or plowing position. When the other plowing unit isto be in operating position, the hitch I90 is swung to the other side. Therefore, in view of the fact thatthe hitch member I90 occupies a position at an angle to the line-of pull, first to' one side of the line of pull and then to the other side, the spring cushion unit 350 is arranged forpivoting action on the pivot bolt 348,-the two positions of the unit relative to the hitch I90 being shown in Figure 9. This construction has the advantage that the sliding parts are always disposed in the line of pull, regardless of the angular disposition of the hitch I90. If the line of pull were disposed at an 'angleto the slidable parts of the cushion unit 350, binding of the parts that move relative to one another might interferewith the properrespo-nse of the unit 350 to abnormal load conditions, but where r the unit 350 is pivotally mounted so that it can always swing into the line of pull, the advantages and functions of the unit 350 are retained, irrespccti ve of the angular'positiohof the hitch Hi0.

. The position of the laterally swingable hitch I90, pivoted at 3I4 to the wheel supported frame of the implement, is automatically controlled by means operated by the power lift clutch I50. As

described above, the latter operates through a 3, inwhichthe liftingarm 203 is in its lower po-' sition so as to be out of the way of the raising arm; 23I or. 232, of the unit that it is desired to 7 lower; The movement of the clutch mechanism through the secondyrangej is, according to the present invention, made use of in controlling: the hitch I90, and such means will now be described. A' pair of right and left hand latches, indicated by the reference numerals 380, and 38 I, are mountedpnthe forward bar4 of thewheel supported frame I; and with the exception that certain parts are. right hand while othersare left hand, the latches. 380 and 38I are identical, and hence a description of 7 one will suffice. The left hand latch 38I1is shown in Figure 10 and. comprises adetent member 383, preferably in the form of a casting having a'hook portion 384 (Figure 2) and a pair of. attaching arms385 and 386 (Figure 10) apertured' so as to be mounted on a pintle38l supported in a bracket 388. The latter comprises a plate 39I having a pair of lugs 392 supporting the pintle, and a clamping plate 394 V a pair of bolts 395 which securethe latch to the bar 4 of the frame, adjacent the juncture with the longitudinal frame bar section ,3, as best shown in Figure 2. A spring 396 is disposed about the pintle 381 and has one end engaging the plate 39I while the other end engages the detent 383. The spring 396 thus urges the detent 383' in a counterclockwise direction (Figure 2),,toward engagement with the hitch I90. The latter is; formed with a pairof lugs MI and 402 (Figure 9) on the plate. 32 I, the lu 40l being adapted to be engaged with the hook 384 while the other lug 402 is adapted tobe engaged by the corresponding hook on the other latch 380. Thus, the latches 380 and 38I are adapted, respectively, to-1ock the hitch I90 in the right-hand position (fulllines, Figure 2). or in the left hand position, so as to hold the hitch in a position disposing the spring cushion release unit 350 either in the right hand position or inthe left hand position.

The latches 380 and 38I are automatically controlled by the movement of the clutch I50 through its second range of movement for alternately moving one latch out of its position engaging the hitch I90 and moving the other'latch into a po- 'sition in which it may engage the hitch when the latter is moved to that side of the plow frame. In other words, assuming that the left hand unit I02 (Figure 2) is in a raised position and the right hand unit IOI in a lowered oroperating position, the hitch lfill will be swung to the right, as shown in Figure 2', so as to dispose the hitch connection in line with thecenter of resistance of the two right-hand plow bottoms II0. At the end of the field, it is desired to raise the righthandunit I M into 'inoperativeposition and to lower the left-hand unit, at the same time providing' for moving the hitch I90 from the righthand position over was left-hand position. This is automatically performed by first disengagin the latch 380 to permit the turning of the tractor to swing the hitch I90 over to the left-hand po: sition and by permitting the left-hand latch 38I to engage the hitch I90 and lock the latter in its left-hand position, the straightening of the tractor relative to the plow after making the turn at the field serving to shift the hitch I90 from its right-hand position to its'left-hand position. If the left unit is down, these positions are reversed.

The two latches 380 and 38I are controlled by cam mechanism actuated from the power lift clutch I50, the cam mechanism being indicated in its entirety by the reference numeral 405. The cam mechanism includes a pair of operating links 406 and)? (Figure 2) which are connected at their forward ends, respectively, to the latches 380 and 38!. Preferably, as best shown in Fi ure 10, the left-hand link '40! is provided with a down turned end 409'disposed in an opening in an arm 4 I 0 formed on the detent 383. The righthand'link 406 is connected with the detent of the latch 380 in a similar manner. The rear ends of the latch controlling links 406'and' 40] are connected, respectively, to a pair of pivotally mounted arms M2 and M3, the arms preferably being swingably mounted on a pin 4I6 carried by a bracket 4I'I provided with a pair'of lugs 4 I8 and M9 in which the pin M6 is supported. The bracket 4II includes a bottom plate 420'which is bolted to the outwardly diverging forward portions of the frame bars 33.and 34 by a pair of ele'ment'moves the associated" arm, 4I2 or 4I13,

rearwardlyto pull the associated latch awayfrom the hitch'I90, the :other arm is in a forward position permitting .therlatch'asso'ciated with the latter arm to engage the hitch I when the latter is'moved into, engagement therewith. f

The cam member 421 is progressively'rotated in one direction by.;ratchet mechanism, best shown in Figure 13; and which is indicated in its entirety by the reference numeral 430. The ratchet mechanism comprises an arm 43 Imountged fonoscillaitorymovement about a; shaft 432 v upon which the cam member 427 is carried. The shaft 432 is supported by the bracket section M8 and an upstanding arm434 at the right side of the bracket 4II. The arm 43I carries a pawl 436 pivoted thereto, as at 431, and which is provided with a spring 438' anchored at one end tothc arm 43I and at the other end to the pawl 436, whereby the latter is biased for movement into engagement with a ratchet Wheel 439 which preferably is formed as an integral part of or carried by the cam member 421. The arm 43I is connected by a link 440 to the crank pi1'120I (Figure 3) carried by the crank arm I'II of the clutch I50. The parts are so arranged that whenever the crank I'II makes a complete revolution, the cam member 421 is rotated through a quarter of a revolution. As best shown in Figure 11, rotation of the cam sections 425 and 426 through a quarter of a revolution will move one of the arms M2 or 4I3 rearwardly while permitting the other arm to move forwardly. In this way, one of the latches is pulled out of engagement with the hitch I90 while the other is moved-forwardly, by the associated spring, into a position to engage the hitch I90, when the latter is swung into that position by the turning of the tractor relative to the implement.

The operation of the implement as so far de' scribed is substantially as follows:

Figures 1' and 3 show the right hand plowing unit I I in raised or inoperative position while the left hand plowing unit I02 is in operating position. In Figure 2, both plowing units IOI and I02 have been shown in lowered position for convenience (if-illustration, with the hitch I90 in its right hand position, but it will be understood that when the implement parts are arranged as shown in Figure 3, the hitch I90 will be swung over to the other position,- namely, to the left, and the position of the latches 380 and- 38I will be reversed, the latch 380 being pulled out of engagement with the hitch I90 and the latch 38I in the forward position in engagement with the latch I90. When the right hand unit IOI is in its elevated position, it is held in that position by the toggle lock 240, the parts of which occupy the positions shown in Figure 3, with the weight of the unit IOI sustained by the arm 2I2 in its upper position, the link 24I holding the arm in this position by virtue of the over-center relation of the arm 246, 241 and the engagement of the section 24'! thereof with the adjustable set screw 259. The operating position of the left hand unit I02 is determined by the engagement of the arm 232 (Figure 3) with the stop 29 3 on,

the adjustable depth adjusting stop arm 2'94, 295, this contact taking place through the adjustable wedge 30I' which is slidable along the outer end of the arm 232. The arm 294, 295 as a whole is adjusted in one direction or the other by turning the screw 215.

When the operator reaches the end of the field, he pulls on the trip lever rod I88, which swings thetrip lever I86 forwardly. This raises the arm I83 (Figure 4) within the casing I5I and permits the plate I8I to rock so as to engage the driving and driven members of the clutch I50. The rotation of the ground wheels I1 and I8 causes the shaft I4 to rotate, and this rotation is transmitted through the chain I62 and the engaged clutch parts to the crank III, which is rotated rearwardly and upwardly through its first range of movement. The rearward and upward swinging of the crank I'II exerts a lifting force through the link 202 (Figure 3) and raises the lift arm 203 into'an upward position,.carrying with it the lift bar 201 which engages the end 233 of the arm 232. Thus, the upward swinging of the lift arm 203 causes the arm 232 and the rockable' sleeve 2I0 to rock in a counterclockwise direction (Figures 6 and 7) which lifts the arm 2I2 for the left hand unit. I 02 from the position shown in Figure 6, i. e., the operating position, into its raised position (Figure '7), thereby lifting the left hand unit I02 into its transport position. As the arm2I2 swings upwardly, the pivot bolt 242 is shifted generally in a forward direction, and this causes the arm 246, 241 to swing forwardly and upwardly, in a clockwise direction as viewed in Figures 6 and 7, until the points 242, 249 and 245 are substantially in a. straight line. When the parts approach this position, the spring 26I becomes effective to swing the arm 240, 24'! farther in a clockwise direction until the section 241 engages'the set screw 259. When this occurs the arm MI and the arm 246, 241 occupy their over-center position in which the arm 2I2 is then prevented from swinging downwardly, or clockwise as viewed in Figures 6 and 7. 'Thus, through the first half of the rotation of the crank I'II, the left hand unit I02 has been raised into its transport position and locked in that position by the over-center latch mechanism.

The clutch I50 then continues to rotate through its second range of movement, namely, from a position in which the crank IN is disposed generally upwardly to a position in which the crank Ill returns to the position shown in Figure 3. This latter half of the rotation of the crank MI is utilized for exerting a forward thrust through the cam actuating link 440 to advance the. cam member 421 of the cam mechanism 430 through a quarter of a revolution. During the first half or lifting range of the clutch I50, the arm 43I (Figure 13) moved rearwardly into the posi tion shown in dotted lines, but due to the ratcheting of the pawl 436 over the ratchet wheel 439, the position of th cam elements 425 and 426 was not changed. However, during the second half of .the movement of the crank arm III from its upper position back to its lower position (Figure 3), the arm 43I is moved forwardly from its dotted line position beyond its full line position (Figure 13) which advances the cam member 42! through a quarter of a revolution. This movement of the arm 43I in advancingthe cam member 421 causes one end of the cam element 425 to move the arm 4I3 out of the position shown in Figure 11 and into the position shown in Figure 2, pulling rearwardly on the link 40'! so as to disengage the latch 381, which is engaged when the arm M3 is in the position shown in Figure 11. At the same time, the other cam element 426 is moved from a generally horizontal position to a generally vertical position, as shown in Figure 2, permitting the arm 4 I2 to move forwardly under the bias of the spring 396 (Figure 10) of the associated latch 380 which then moves into the position shown in Figure 2. Thus, the latch 380, which is held out of its engaging position when the arm 4 I2 is in the position shown in Figure 1l, is permitted to move into the position shown in Figure 2, ready to engage the hitch I90.

After the clutch member I50 has moved through its complete cycle, as described above, the left hand plowing unit I02, formerly in operating position, is raised into and locked in its raised position. Both plowing units are then normally I vterfere with each other.

in raised position and the outfit can readily be turned around. This turning movement is nor,-

latch 380, as shown in Figure 2. Then after the operator has completed the'turn and is ready to begin operations, all it is necessary to do is to lower the right hand unit' IOI, which is done by pulling on the cable connected to the upper end of the .arm 25I for the right hand unit. This I will lower the point 245 below its over-center position so that the weight of the, right hand unit will then cause the same to drop into operating position, the latch controlling arm 25I moving into a. position corresponding to the position of the left hand arm 25I shown in Figure 6. The relation between the hitch controlling latches 380.and 38I and the two plowing units IOI and I02 maybe reversed at any time desired merely by operatin the clutch I50 through one revolution with both plowing units latched in raised position. Duringthe raising and loweringoperation, each of the plowing units is guided by virtue of the laterally innerplow beams I06 being guided between the upright bars 62' and 61, and since each gang frame is hinged in laterally spaced relation to the bar 45, both the working gang and the non-.workinggang are held rigidly inthei-r lateral positions so that they cannot in It will be noted that the lift is constant, providing adequate clearance'between the ground and the idle gang, and isindependent of. the position of the depth adjusting member 294,295.

both ofrthe gangs yet due to the fact that the ground wheels I! and l8 are fairly close together, there is no interference on turns, notwithstanding the fact that both wheels are fixed to a single axle. r

A modified form of the present invention is shown in Figures 14 and 15 in which the ground wheels are not utilized for driving the lifting mechanism but, instead, a power shaft is connected with the power take-off shaft of the tractor and is arranged to drive the lifting clutch means. Also, in this form of the invention I preferably but not necessarily employ a double clutch, that is, a clutch for the right hand gang and a separate clutch for the left hand gang, each clutch serving as a means for holding the associated gang in its elevated position while the other gang may be lowered into its operatingposition. In this way, I am enabled to eliminate the over-center latches 240 for the gangs.

Referring now to Figures 14 and 15, the reference numeral 450 indicates a power shaft driven double clutch mechanism which includes a clutch casing 45I similar to the clutch casing I5I, except that it does not have any axle receiving extension such as is illustrated in Figure 4 at I5Ia. In Figure 14, most of the parts, except for the power shaft driven double clutch unit 450, are

The latch brackets 388 are adjustable along 7 the curved front section 4 of the frame I so as tocontrol the width of cut of the front bottom andto dispose the point of hitch in the proper position relative to the particular tractor which drawsthe implement. As best shown in Figure 2, changing the positon of the clamping brackets for the'latches 380 and 38I does not have any appreciable 'effect'upon the linkage 406 and 401 the arms 23I and 232 at the inner ends of the connecting the hitch latches to the controlling cam mechanism "405. j Since the depth adjusting crank carried by the standard I89 swings with Vthe'hitch I90, it'will be seen that the depth adjusting crank is always within easy reach from the tractor seat, yet is out of the way of the tractor wheels when making short turns. The entire plowis close-coupled'and compact to facilitate' making extremely short turns at theheadlands. are no furrow wheels, the plow can be operated close to fences or ditches, and can be backed into close quarters permitting the operator to utilize every'available bit of ground.

The rearmost of the right and left hand bot-. toms I I0 are provided with rearwardly'extending landsides IIIIa for the purpose of stabilizing the gangs. However, it is not 'necesssary that the forward plow bottoms II6 be so equipped. If it should be desirable to do so, the two bottom, two- Also, the plow is narrow, and since there identical with those shown in Figure 1, and hence the corresponding reference numerals have been now to Figure 14, the frame I supports the double clutch 450 on a U-shaped, bar 452 suitably bolted to the frame I. In this form of the invention,

instead of having a single lifting arm 203 (Fig-,

ure 3 I employ two separate arms 454, each with its own lifting bar or stud 455, swingably mounted in the same manner as the plates 204 (Figure 3) making up the lifting arm 203. The lower ends of the arms 454 are apertured .to reand 459 are pivoted, respectively, thereto. arms 454 are pivoted on the shaft 82 adjacent right and left hand lifting sleeves 2I0.

The clutch mechanism 450 is arranged so that either or both of the lifting links 458 and 459 clutch mechanisms thatare enclosed within the housing I. At one side the sleeve 469 serves as the driving element for a right hand clutch mechanism indicated in its entirety by the refway plow of the present invention may be reducible into a single bottom two-way plow by removing the front bottoms and standards and shifting the rear bottoms and standards, together with the landsides Him, to the front position. Thus, the plow can be adapted to particular soil conditions present and to the smaller tractors.

Since both of the ground wheels I! and I8 preferably are fixed tO the'liVe'OI through axle I4,

there is ample power. available to lift either or erence numeral 4'I2, this mechanism being similar'to the clutch mechanism shown in Figure 5, embodying a scalloped driving member 413 connected with the sleeve 469. .ber of the right hand clutch 412 is indicated by the reference numeral 415,,and is in the form of a plate member having a pair of notches in either of which the roller of 'a clutch pawl or doginot shown) is adapted to be disposed. When so disposed in one of the notches, the roller engages an arm or plate 479 which, through pivoted straps 48 I, controls a roller 482 which is movable into and out of engagement with the scalloped driving member 413. A clutch trip lever 483 :is

Referring I The driven mem- I or pawl, which is similar to the arm I83 shown in Figure 4, "that controls the movement of the roller into and out of engagement with the scalloped member 413. A cable or rod 486 is connected to the upper end. The driven member 415 of the clutch 412 includes a shaft 488 to the outer end of which a liftin crank 489 having a crank pin 49I is connected. The crank pin 49I receives the lower end of the associated lifting link 459. So far as the details of the left hand clutch mechanism, indicated by the reference numeral 498, is concerned, they are substantially identical with the clutch parts just described. Hence, the same reference numerals have been used. These clutch parts do not form per se a part of the present invention, being disclosed and claimed in the co-pending application of Carl G. Strandlund, identified above.

The shaft 488 of the right hand clutch 412 and the corresponding driven shaft of the left hand clutch are supported at the center of the clutch mechanism in any suitable manner for independent rotation, preferably by some form of tele scopic connection inv which the inner end of each shaft is supported on or connected with the inner end of the other shaft. Such connection, as best shown in Figure 15, may take the form of a pin 492 seated in corresponding recesses in the inner ends of the driven clutch shafts 488.

The drive shaft 466, on the rear end of which the worm pinion is mounted, is supported by suitable bearings in the casing 45I and extends outwardly thereof at the forward side. At this point a universal joint 495 is mounted and is connected by a telescopin shaft 496, which includes two sections 491 and 498, the forward of which is connected by a universal joint 499 to the power take-off shaft 588 of the tractor T. From Figure 14 it will be noted that the rear universal joint 495 is disposed approximately over the pivot bolt 3I4 (Figure 2) which connects the rear end of the hitch I98 to the implement while the forward universal joint 499 is connected sub stantially directly over the point where the front end of the hitch I98 is connected with the tractor drawbar 58I. When the spring cushion release unit 358 trips, the two telescoping shaft sections 491, 498 merely separate. Thus, even though the lifting clutch mechanism 458 is actuated by power derived directly from the tractor, as contrasted with the traction type of power lift clutch described above which derives power from the tractor through the forward travel of the outfit, the connections are such that the release of the implement from the tractor upon the occurrence of an abnormal load is in no wise affected.

In operation, when the operator desires to raise one of the gangs into inoperative or transport position, he pulls the control rod 488 for the clutch associated with that unit; The crank 489 of that clutch therefore is driven through a half-revolution, exertin a raising force through the associated lifting link 458 or 459, swinging the associated lifting arm 454 upwardly. The lifting bar or stud 455 on that arm engages the associated arm on the inner end of the sleeve 2I8, thereby raising the associated gang into transport position. Since the clutch is a half-revolution clutch, the clutch mechanism automatically locks the lifting crank 489 in its upper or raised position, thereby holding the associated gang in its raised position. Thus, the over-center toggle latches described above in connection with the form of the invention shown in Figures 1-3, are not necessary in this form of the invention. When the operator desires to lower the gang into its operating position, all that it is necessary to do is to again pull the trip rod 486, which engages the clutch mechanism for another half revolution, this time lowering the crank 489, thereby permitting the associated gang to lower into an operating position, which is determined by the crank screw adjustment described above. Thus, either clutch may be actuated independently of the other to raise or lower either unit independently of the other unit. Also, since the double clutch mechanism 458 is driven by power derived from the tractor power take-01f, the clutch mechanism or mechanisms may be operated independently of whether the outfit is moving or is stationary.

The controlling means for the hitchv latches when the power driven double clutch unit 458 is employed differs slightly from the latch controlling mechanism described above and shown in Figures 2 and 9-13. As best shown in Figure 21, when two separately operable clutches are employed for raising and lowering the right and left hand plowing units, the latches 388 and 38I controlling the swingable hitch I98 are actuated by a horizontally swingable transverse bar 5 pivoted at 5I4 to the upper end of a standard 5I2 secured at a suitable point to the plow frame, preferably above the pin 3I4 which connects the rear end of the hitch I 98 to the implement frame. The laterally outer ends of the bar 5 are apertured to receive the rear ends of the latch controlling rods 485a and 487a, these parts being substantially the same as the rods 488 and 481 (Figure 2) except that they are slightly lon er. The laterally outer ends of the transverse bar 5II are turned up and apertured to receive the forward ends, respectively, of a pair of generally longitudinally extending links 5I5 and 5I6. Springs 5I3 are connected between the links 5I5 and 5I6 and yield in the event both clutches are moved from lowered to raised position at the same time. As best shown in Figure 19, the rear ends of each of the links 5I5 and 5I6' are provided with slots 5II, the slotted portions of the links being mounted over the crank pins 4!" on the right and left hand power driven clutch cranks 489. A spring 52I is anchored, as at 522, to a stationary part of the implement frame, such as the clutch casing 45I, and at its forward end is connected by a link 522 to a forwardly extending arm 523 formed on or carried by the transverse bar 5| I. The link 522 is connected to the arm extension 523 by a pivot 524 which is located forwardly of the pivot 3I4 on which the bar 5 is swingably mounted. The arm 523 and link 522 constitute an over-center connection whereby the. spring 52I is adapted to hold the bar 5 in one position, hence holding one hitch latch in a disengaged position While permitting the other latch to engage, until the bar 5II is forced over past its intermediate position, the spring 52I then functioning to positively complete the movement of the bar 5II over into its other position. The rear ends of the 1inks488a and 481a are disposed in slots 52'! formed in the bar 5| I so that the latch that is disposed in a hitch-engaging position may swing back slightly when the hitch I98 is moved over into a position. By disposing the pivots 524 and 5I4 in theproper manner, the slots 52? may be omitted, the

movement of the hitch latch, 38!) or 38 I, in snapraise the associated plowing unit, the associated crank pin 49! pullsrearwardly on the associated link, swinging the bar over into the other position. For example, Figures 14 and 16 show the parts in the positions they occupy when the left gang is in operating position, the right gang being held up in its inoperative position. When the left hand plowing unit is down, the hitch ISO is in a position swung to the left of the frame, being locked in this position b the latch mechanism 38!. When the farmer reaches the end of the field, he pulls the trip rod for the left hand clutch,'causing the crank 489 to swing upwardly' and rearwardly. This upward and rearward swinging movement exerts a pull through the link 5l6 (Figure'l6) and swings the bar 5 in a counterclockwise direction, This movement thus pulls the left latch 38| out of engagement with the hitch I95 and permits the right latch 38!! to move forward into a position ready to engage the hitch when it is swung over toward the right side of the frame, which occurs as soon as the farmer turns the tractor to the right. Then when the outfit is turned around and ready to start across the field again, the operator pulls the other trip rod, lowering the right hand unit.

The right hand crank 489 swings forwardly and member in the corresponding position is released simultaneously with the raising of the operating unit and the other latch is at the same time moved into a position'ready to engage the hitch when it is swung over into that position by the of the up gang'onto the gang in operating position. This device will now be described.

Referring now more particularly to Figures 17,

18 and 19, a bracket 540 is fixed to the inner beam I06 of each plowing unit, each bracket 54!] consisting of a pair of plates 5M and 542 bolted, as at 543, rigidly to theassociated beam I06. The bracket540 also includes a sleeve or pipe section 544 which isv welded inapertures formed in the upper portions of the plates 541 and 542. Preferably, the bracket plates 54f and 542 are also apertured to receive one of the bolts 546 which secure the brace end H4 to the plow beam. The

. purpose of this arrangement is to insure that the brackets 54!] will be installed in the proper position on the plow beams.

A pair of toggle. links 556 and 55! are Divotally connected at their adjacent ends to each other and at their outer ends to the brackets 545. The toggle links 550 and 55I are similar, each including two strap sections 553 and 554, these sectionsbeing provided with a plurality of apertures by which a pair of bolts 555 connecting the sections together may be disposed in different positions to adjust the effective length of each toggle link, so as to provide for different depth adjustments, as will be explained below. The bolts 555 are preferably key-head plow bolts, and the openings in the strap section 554 preferably are countersunk and notched to accommodate the heads of the bolts. At their outer ends the toggle link sections 554 are provided with pins 558 which are welded to the ends of the toggle link sections 554 and are disposed in the sleeves or pipe members 544 of the associated brackets 54!). The pins 558 are apertured to receive a cotter 559 which holds the toggle links pivotally connected to the associated plowing units. At their inner ends the toggle link sections 553 are provided with means pivotally interconnecting the toggle links, such means preferably consisting of a pipe member 56I secured to one of the toggle link sections 553 and a pin 562 welded to the other subsequent turning of the tractor or other pro- 4 pellingforce relative to the frame of the plow. This automatically engages the hitch I90 and looks it in a position ready to operate with the other plowing unit in its lowered position, the operation of the other clutch to permit the unit to lower into operating position having no effect on the latches which are already positioned for that operation.

It will be noted from the above description that the gang that is latched in its raised or non-working position is supported by the wheel frame and that the gang in operating position is fioatingly connected with the wheel frame. Under most normal conditions the weight of the gang beams and associated parts is sufiicient to secure the desired penetration. However, under certain difficult soil conditions, as when the soil is'extreme ly hard, it may be desirable to increase the penetration by adding weightto the down gang, and for use under such conditions I have devised a lock down or pressure applying device which is voperative toload a certain portion of theweight held in place b a cotter 5B3.

section, the pin fitting within the sleeve 56l and Y One of the toggle link sections 553 is provided with an extended and laterally directed part 565 which is engageable with the companion toggle link so as to limit the extended position of the toggle mechanism, as best shown in Figure 22. The effective length of the toggle links may be varied, as required, by.

reference numeral 561, is connected between the frame 60 and the toggle links for urging them toward straightened position. The spring means 561' includes a spring 568, the forward end of which is connected by a hook member 569 with the intermediate portion of the shaft 65 of the frame 66. To this end, the hook member 569 is relatively wide, so that the parts thereof will clear the lifting bar 207 and associated parts, and to hold the hook member 569 in position, the latter is provided with inturned parts 5H, which engage the bracket Bl at the forward side of the shaft 65. The rear end of the spring 568 is connected to a nut member 515 having an internal threaded bore receiving the forward end of anadjusting bolt 5'". A lock nut 58l serves to retain the bolt 51'! in adjusted position. As best shown in Figure 22, the tension in the spring means 56'! acts against the frame 60 and the pivot connection between the toggle links 550 and 55! for load ing at least a portion of the weight of the raised.

of floating movement with respect to the frame.

Thus, if the gang in operating position tends to be forced out of the ground, as by passing over a hard spot, the tension in the spring means 56'! reacts against the raised gang to load the weight of that gang onto the lowered gang, up to the limits of tension of the spring 568. However, this does not tend to raise the frame or the ground Wheels, since normally the spring 568 is adjusted so that it yields before the raised gang will actually be moved upwardly. However, if desired, the spring 568 may be tightened to such a point that if the lowered gang tends tobe forced upwardly, such movement actually lifts the raised gang and then acts against the frame by virtue of the bolt 245 moving to the other end of the slot 266, thus loading not only the weight of the up-gang but also the weight of the frame and associated parts onto the gang in operating position. Normally, however, it is preferable that the ground wheels remain firmly on the ground, and hence the spring 568 should be adjusted so that it yields before the up-gang is actually raised.

When the gang in operating position, such as the left-hand gang in Figure 17, is raised into its inoperative position, such action folds the toggle links 550 and SM alongside one another so that when both gangs are locked in their raised position the toggle links and associated parts take the positions shown in Figure 19, in which the line of action of the spring mechanism 56'! is exerted above the pivots 558, which are now in line since both gangs are raised. In this position the tension in the spring 568 would tend to swing the toggle links forwardly, or in a coun-. terclockwise direction (Figure 19), which might bring them into a position in which neither gang could be lowered. In order to prevent this, I have provided an abutment strap 585 which at its rear end is connected by a pivot bolt 586 to an arm 58'! connected to the strap member 554 of the right hand toggle link 550. The forward end of the strap member 585, is provided with a hook 589 which is extended, as at 590, and overlies the inner end of the sleeve 210 of the right hand unit, closely adjacent the lifting arm 23l for the right hand unit. The extension 590 is of sufficient lengthto remain on the sleeve 2 l when the right hand unit, with its toggle link 550, in a lowered position, corresponding to the position of the left hand unit and the left hand toggle link 55L As best shown in Figure 19, the strap member 585 reacts against the frame 66 to prevent the toggle links 550 and SH from swinging forwardly beyond the position shown in this figure, In this way, either unit is free to move downwardly into operating position when its associated over-center latch is released.

Referring now to Figures 1 and 2, the means for connecting the shank of each plow beam to the beam proper will now be described. In Figure 2 it will be seen that all four of the plow bottom standards I01 are connected to the associated beam by substantially the same means, and hence a description of one will suffice. Considering the left-hand forward plow bottom H0, its standard I0! is connected to the longitudinal beam I06 by means of a pair of plate members65| and 652, and three bolts 654 which secure the shank I01 to the bracket plates 65l and 65.2. The plate 652 is also provided with a second set of three holes that receive upper bolts 65! by which the plates are clamped to the rear end of the horizontal beam I05. The other plate member 65! is of similar configuration and is provided with an abutment flange 66l at the rear which engages the rear edge of the upper end of the shank I01, as best shown in Figure 1. An upper flange 662 on the plate member 651 is formed by a strap member welded to the upper edge which is adapted to engage the forward edge at the upper end of the plow bottom standard I01. The upper edge at the rear end of the horizontal beam I05 is adapted to engage under the flange 654.

The open space between the lower edge at the rear end of the beam I05 and the forward edge of the shank I0! is closed by a casting member 680. The member 680 is secured in position by a bolt 686 (Figure l) which passes through openings in the plate members 651 and 652 and through the aperture in the attaching lug 48l Not only does the member 680 close the space just mentioned but, and what is more important, it serves to reenforce the two plate members 65| and 652 to prevent their buckling in the event the forces are reversed. Normally, these portions of the plate members 65I and 652 are under tension.

While I have shown and described above the preferred structure in which the principles of the present invention have been incorporated, it is to be understood that my invention is not to be limited to the particular details shown and described above, but that, in fact, widely different of said frame and disposed, respectively, between the beams of said pairs.

2. A plow comprising a frame, a live axle journaled on the frame, a pair of wheels connected to the ends of said axle to drive the same, a pair of relatively movable right and left hand units movably connected with said frame, means for holding either of said units in a raised position independently of the other unit, a self-interrupting clutch mechanism connected to raise either or both of said units, and means for driving said clutch mechanism from said live axle.

3. An agricultural machine of the tractor drawn type, comprising a frame, a part thereon adapted to be moved from one position to the other, a relatively narrow laterally s'wingable hitch bar connected with said. frame and adapted to be connected with said tractor, and means on said frame for shifting said part, including a 1on gitudinally extending member extending to a I point adjacent the rear of the tractor to be operated therefrom and movably connected with said part and means supporting said longitudinally extending member substantially directly over and movable with said pivoted hitch bar in different positions of the latter, whereby to maintain clearance between the rear of the tractor and said longitudinally extending member When turning.

4. A two-way plow of the tractor drawn type, comprising a frame, a pair of right and left hand units separately pivoted to the frame and adapted 

